Polycythemia / Blood Disorders

Adequate hydration critical (at least half body weight in ounces of water daily to reduce viscosity), anti-inflammatory diet, foods that naturally thin blood (garlic, ginger, turmeric, cayenne, cinnamon, dark chocolate, fatty fish), increase vegetables and fruits high in antioxidants, avoid iron-rich foods if polycythemia vera (don't need extra iron with high RBCs), avoid alcohol (dehydrating and increases RBC production), eliminate smoking completely, moderate protein, avoid high-altitude exposure if secondary polycythemia.

Smoking cessation absolutely critical (causes secondary polycythemia and cardiovascular risk), treat sleep apnea if present (major cause of secondary polycythemia), adequate hydration always, avoid high altitudes, regular moderate exercise (improves circulation but avoid extreme exertion), stress management, avoid hot tubs and saunas (increase dehydration and viscosity), regular phlebotomy as needed to maintain hematocrit <45%, monitor for symptoms of hyperviscosity (headaches, dizziness, vision changes, tingling), baby aspirin often recommended to prevent clotting.